Trajan subdues a Jewish revolt （the Kitos War）， then falls seriously ill， leaving Hadrian in command of the east。 On his death bed， Trajan adopts Hadrian and designates him as his successor。

圖拉真平息了猶太反抗（Kitos戰爭），之後身患重病，留下哈德良掌控東方事務。在病榻前，圖拉真將哈德良收為養子，指認他作為繼承人。

Hadrian returns large parts of Mesopotamia to the Parthians as part of a peace settlement。

作為和平協議的一部分，哈德良將大部分美索不達米亞還給帕提亞人。

By 118， Hadrian himself had taken to the field against the Roxolani and the Iazyges， and although he defeated them， he agreed to reinstate the subsidies to the Roxolani。 Hadrian then decided to abandon certain portions of Trajan‘s Dacian conquests。 The territories annexed to Moesia Inferior （Southern Moldavia， the south-eastern edge of the Carpathian Mountains and the plains of Muntenia and Oltenia） were returned to the Roxolani。 As a result， Moesia Inferior reverted once again to the original boundaries it possessed prior to the acquisition of Dacia。

至118年，哈德良親自對壘Roxolani和Iazyges人。雖然獲勝，哈德良還是同意恢復給Roxolani人的補貼。之後他又決定部分放棄圖拉真征服的達西亞。下默西亞兼併的區域（南摩爾多瓦、喀爾巴阡山東南緣，以及蒙特尼亞和奧爾特尼亞的平原地區）還給了Roxolani人。最終，下默西亞重新回到了兼併達西亞之前的初始邊界。

Emperor Hadrian stations Legio VI Victrix in Roman Britain， to assist in quelling the resistance of a local rebellion。 The legion is a key in securing the victory， and eventually replaces Legio IX Hispana at Eboracum。

哈德良皇帝將第六Victrix軍團駐紮在羅馬不列顛，協助平息當地的反抗。該軍團起到了關鍵作用，確保了羅馬勝利，最終代替第九西班牙軍團駐紮在Eboracum。

Emperor Hadrian orders that a 73-mile （117-kilometer） wall be built to mark the northern Roman Empire while personally visiting the area。 Hadrian’s Wall， as it comes to be known， is intended to keep the Caledonians， Picts and other tribes at bay。

哈德良皇帝親臨不列顛，命令修建73英里（117公里）長的長牆，標記羅馬帝國北界，這就是我們所知的哈德良長牆。該長牆的目的是抵擋喀利多尼亞人、皮克特人等部落。

By the early 2nd century AD the Alans were well established on the lower Volga and Kuban， in the former lands of the Siraces and the Aorsi（whom they had pushed west or absorbed）。 Alan power seems to have extended further west， encompassing much of the Sarmatian world， which for the first time had a relatively homogenous culture。

之2世紀早期，阿蘭人在伏爾加河下游和庫班河地區牢牢的站穩了腳跟。這個地區曾是希拉瑞斯和奧爾斯人的土地，但他們被阿蘭人趕到了更西面或是被吸納到阿蘭人中了。阿蘭人的勢力似乎向西擴充套件了，控制了薩爾瑪提亞人活動範圍的大部分，這也是薩爾瑪提亞人首次有了較為同質的文化。

After the death of Osroes I in 129 Mithridates IV of Parthia assumed the throne and continued the struggle with the rival King Vologases III of Parthia （105–147）。

129年，Osroes一世去世後，帕提亞的米特里答梯四世繼位，繼續與帕提亞Vologases三世爭鬥。

The Jewish leader Simon bar Kokhba starts a war of liberation for Judea （Bar Kokhba revolt） against the Romans， which is eventually crushed （in 135） by emperor Hadrian。

猶太領導人西蒙·巴爾·科赫巴發動從羅馬手中解放猶太的戰爭（巴爾科赫巴起義），最終在135年被哈德良皇帝平息。

Following a series of setbacks， Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain， and troops were brought from as far as the Danube。 In 133/4， Severus landed in Judea with a massive army， bringing 3 Legions from Europe， cohorts of additional legions and between 30 and 50 auxiliary units。

在一系列挫敗後，哈德良將手下大將Sextus Julius Severus從不列顛召回，並調集了多瑙河等遠方前線的部隊。133/4年，Severus率領大軍登陸猶太，麾下有從歐洲來的3個軍團，另有其它軍團的步兵大隊以及30~50個輔軍作戰單位。

The Romans retake Jerusalem。 The largely destroyed city is renamed Aelia Capitolina。

羅馬重奪耶路撒冷。這座大部被毀的城市更名為Aelia Capitolina。

In 135 AD， the Alans made a huge raid into Asia Minor via the Caucasus， ravaging Media and Armenia。 They were eventually driven back by Arrian， the governor of Cappadocia， who wrote a detailed report （Ektaxis kata Alanoon or ‘War Against the Alans’） that is a major source for studying Roman military tactics。

135年，阿蘭人越過高加索山脈，對小亞細亞進行了大規模的襲擊，擄掠了米底和亞美尼亞。最終，他們被卡帕多西亞總督Arrian擊退。Arrian為此寫了一份詳細的報告（“對阿蘭人的戰爭”），這份報告是研究羅馬軍事戰術的主要文獻。

Hadrian dies after a heart failure at Baiae and Antoninus Pius succeeds him as Roman Emperor。

哈德良在巴雅伊因心衰駕崩，安敦寧·必尤（護）繼承大統。

King Mithridates IV dies； Vologases III claims the throne and extends his rule throughout the Parthian Empire。

米特里答梯四世駕崩；Vologases三世奪其位，將控制範圍擴充套件到整個帕提亞帝國。

Antoninus Pius recognizes the king of the Quadi， who becomes an ally of Rome。

安敦寧·必尤（護）承認誇迪國王，誇迪成為羅馬盟友。