前情回顧:

下定義引出法因為需要透過給議題的所討論的物件下定義或者描述其主要只能的方法來引出目標內容,所以

可以使用這個方法的議題通常與教育、政府和全球化相關

一般來講,政府類一般描述職能,全球化類下定義,教育類下定義或者描述學校的職能都可以。

我們來分別看一下教育類、政府類和全球化類的具體題目如何使用這種引出方法。

Some people think painting and drawings are as important as other subjects, so they should be compulsory in high school education。

Do you agree or disagree?

引出內容回顧

:繪畫課程,高中必修課,藝術課程,高中教學安排等

引子解析:

這個題目裡面就很直接出現了關鍵詞high school和education,所以自然而然,我們就可以去透過去給教育下定義或者描述學校的職能的方法來引出以上的目標內容。

引子示例1:為教育下定義→高中必修課

Essentially speaking, education is defined as the learning process for individuals to attain knowledge in multi subjects, so the classification of the compulsory and non-compulsory is worth carefully planning。

引子示例2:描述學校的職能→繪畫課程

In essence, the functions of high schools should be not only preparing students for universities but also equipping them with the skills that are crucial for life, including artistic skills。

題(2018/2/3中國大陸卷)

The restoration of old buildings in major cities in the world costs numerous governments’ expenditure。 This money should be used in new housing and road development。 To what extent do you agree or disagree?

引子解析:

快速審題,此議題所討論的觀點是“政府的錢應該花在新的房子和道路建設上”,因此,我們可以快速找出需要引出的內容可以是:房屋和道路發展,市政規劃,政府資金的使用等。很明顯,這個議題從大話題來看屬於政府類,那麼,我們就可以透過描述政府的相關職能來引出以上內容。

引子示例1:描述政府職能→政府資金的使用

Government carries the duty of serving its citizens through multiple ways, in which the distribution of budget is a key issue。

引子示例2:描述政府職能→房屋和道路發展

Government possesses the function of improving residents’ living standards and a reasonable municipal planning of estates and roads plays a vital role in achieving this goal。

題(2017/7/20中國大陸卷)

More attention is paid to being “responsible tourists” in order to preserve the cultural and environmental aspects of tourist places。 However, some people think it is impossible to be a “responsible tourist” in the society。

To what extant do you agree or disagree?

引子解析:

議題討論的觀點為“要成為一個可以保留當地文化和環境的負責任的旅遊者是不可能的”,那麼需要引出的內容可以為:遊客對旅遊地的影響,對旅遊地的文化和環境的保護,旅遊等。這個題目從廣義上來看,我們可以把它歸屬於全球化這個大類中,因此,我們就可以透過為全球化下定義的方式來引出這些內容。

引子示例:為全球化下定義→對旅遊地的文化和環境保護

Being perceived as the interaction and integration of people and other organizations worldwide, globalization is partially reflected by tourists’ irreversible impacts on those tourist spots。

相關表達

essentially/in essence/essentially speaking 本質上來講

possess the function of doing… 擁有。。。的功能

function as a place of doing… 是一個具有。。。功能的地方

one of the major/indispensable functions/duties of … is to do… …的一個重要功能/職責是。。。

be defined as… …被定義為…

be perceived/considered/regarded as… …被視為。。。

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